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[[File:Philosopher Stone.png|200px|left]]
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The '''[[philosopher's stone]]''' is a mythic [[alchemy|alchemical substance]] capable of turning base metals such as mercury into gold or silver; it was also known as "the tincture" and "the powder." Alchemists additionally believed that it could be used to make an elixir of life which made possible rejuvenation and immortality. For many centuries, it was the most sought-after goal in alchemy. The philosopher's stone was the central symbol of the mystical terminology of alchemy, symbolizing perfection at its finest, divine illumination, and heavenly bliss. Efforts to discover the philosopher's stone were known as the Magnum Opus ("Great Work").
A '''[[witch]]''' is a practitioner of [[witchcraft]]. Although the term can be gender-neutral, it is usually used to describe a female who uses [[ritual magic|magic]], while a male engaging in similar practices is called a [[warlock]]. The word witch derives from the Old English nouns ƿiċċa [ˈwittʃɑ] and ƿiċċe [ˈwittʃe] ('sorceress, female witch'). The word's further origins in Proto-Germanic and Proto-Indo-European are unclear. The Old English verb ''wiccian'' has a cognate in Middle Low German ''wicken'' (attested from the 13th century, besides ''wichelen'' 'to bewitch').


[[Occultist]] [[Edward Kelley]] claimed to have created the philosopher's stone, but was imprisoned by Emperor Rudolf II in 1591 when he failed to produce any gold. French alchemist [[Nicolas Flamel]] was believed by many to have created the philosopher's stone.
Throughout history there has not been a consistent definition of the term "witch." Johannes Nider and other 15th century writers used the Latin term ''maleficus'' to mean witch—a person who performed ''maleficium'', harmful acts of sorcery, against others.


'''([[philosopher's stone|Full Article...]])'''
'''([[Witch|Full Article...]])'''