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[[File:Asmodeus.jpg|thumb|Asmoday as depicted in ''[[The Infernal Dictionary]]'']]'''Asmoday''', also known as '''Asmodeus''' (/ˌæzməˈdiːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀσμοδαῖος, Asmodaios) or '''Ashmedai''' (/ˈæʃmɪˌdaɪ/; Hebrew: אַשְמְדּאָי, ʾAšmədʾāy), as well as '''Asmodevs''', '''Ashema Deva''' or '''Amias''' (see below for other variations), is a prince of [[demon]]s, or in Judeo-Islamic lore the king of the earthly spirits (shedim/jinn), mostly known from the deuterocanonical [[Book of Tobit]], in which he is the primary antagonist. | [[File:Asmodeus.jpg|thumb|Asmoday as depicted in ''[[The Infernal Dictionary]]'']]'''Asmoday''', also known as '''Asmodeus''' (/ˌæzməˈdiːəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀσμοδαῖος, Asmodaios) or '''Ashmedai''' (/ˈæʃmɪˌdaɪ/; Hebrew: אַשְמְדּאָי, ʾAšmədʾāy), as well as '''Asmodevs''', '''Ashema Deva''' or '''Amias''' (see below for other variations), is a prince of [[demon]]s, or in Judeo-Islamic lore the king of the earthly spirits (shedim/jinn), mostly known from the deuterocanonical [[Book of Tobit]], in which he is the primary antagonist. | ||
Asmoday is the 32nd [[Goetic demon]] and rules over the Revengers of Evil in the [[hierarchy of Hell]]. | |||
In the conjuration ceremony used by notorious French poisoner [[La Voisin]], Asmoday was called a "Prince of Friendship" along with [[Astaroth]]. | In the conjuration ceremony used by notorious French poisoner [[La Voisin]], Asmoday was called a "Prince of Friendship" along with [[Astaroth]]. | ||
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==In the Talmud== | ==In the Talmud== | ||
The figure of Ashmedai in the Talmud is less malign in character than the Asmodeus of Tobit. In the former, he appears repeatedly in the light of a good-natured and humorous fellow. But besides that, there is one feature in which he parallels Asmodeus, in as much as his desires turn upon Bathsheba and later Solomon's wives. | The figure of Ashmedai in the Talmud is less malign in character than the Asmodeus of Tobit. In the former, he appears repeatedly in the light of a good-natured and humorous fellow. But besides that, there is one feature in which he parallels Asmodeus, in as much as his desires turn upon Bathsheba and later Solomon's wives. | ||
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Asmodeus was named as an [[angel]] of the Order of [[Thrones]] by Gregory the Great. Asmodeus was cited by the nuns of Loudun in the Loudun possessions of 1634. | Asmodeus was named as an [[angel]] of the Order of [[Thrones]] by Gregory the Great. Asmodeus was cited by the nuns of Loudun in the Loudun possessions of 1634. | ||
Asmodeus' reputation as the personification of lust continued into later writings, as he was known as the "Prince of Lechery" in the 16th-century romance Friar Rush. The French Benedictine Augustin Calmet equated his name with a fine dress. The 16th-century Dutch demonologist [[Johann Weyer]] described him as the banker at the baccarat table in | Asmodeus' reputation as the personification of lust continued into later writings, as he was known as the "Prince of Lechery" in the 16th-century romance Friar Rush. The French Benedictine Augustin Calmet equated his name with a fine dress. The 16th-century Dutch demonologist [[Johann Weyer]] described him as the banker at the baccarat table in [[Hell]], and overseer of earthly gambling houses. | ||
===In the Kabbalah=== | ===In the Kabbalah=== | ||
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===In Islamic culture=== | ===In Islamic culture=== | ||
The story of Asmodeus and Solomon has a reappearance in | The story of Asmodeus and [[King Solomon]] has a reappearance in [[Islam]]ic lore. Asmodeus is commonly named Sakhr (rock) probably a reference to his fate in common Islam-related belief, there, after Solomon defeated him, Asmodeus was imprisoned inside a box of rock, chained with iron, and thrown into the sea. In his work ''Annals of al-Tabari'', the famous Persian Quran exegete (224–310 AH; 839–923 AD) Tabari, referred to Asmodeus in Surah 38:34. Accordingly, the puppet is actually Asmodeus who took on the shape of Solomon for forty days, before Solomon defeated him. | ||
Sakhr (Asmodeus) is consulted by Buluqiya, a young Jewish prince, who tried to find the final [[prophet]], Muhammad, in ''The Nights''. During their conversation, he asked about hell, thereupon Asmodeus describes the different layers (ṭabaqāt) of [[hell]]. | Sakhr (Asmodeus) is consulted by Buluqiya, a young Jewish prince, who tried to find the final [[prophet]], Muhammad, in ''The Nights''. During their conversation, he asked about hell, thereupon Asmodeus describes the different layers (ṭabaqāt) of [[hell]]. | ||