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Difference between revisions of "Shem HaMephorash"
→Earliest textual variant
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A 12-letter variant appears in the Talmud, though it was unknown in later [[Kabbalah]] and completely absent from Jewish mysticism. | A 12-letter variant appears in the Talmud, though it was unknown in later [[Kabbalah]] and completely absent from Jewish mysticism. | ||
A 22-letter variant is first written down in ''[[Sefer Raziel HaMalakh]]'', without interpretation, as אנקתם פסתם פספסים דיונסים (Anaktam Pastam Paspasim Dionsim). Its origins are unknown, with no connection to Hebrew or Aramaic being found, and no agreement on any particular Greek or Zoroastrian origin. There are Geonic precedents for the name, indicating that the name is older than '' | A 22-letter variant is first written down in ''[[Sefer Raziel HaMalakh]]'', without interpretation, as אנקתם פסתם פספסים דיונסים (Anaktam Pastam Paspasim Dionsim). Its origins are unknown, with no connection to Hebrew or Aramaic being found, and no agreement on any particular Greek or Zoroastrian origin. There are Geonic precedents for the name, indicating that the name is older than ''Sefer Raziel''. | ||
A 42-letter variant was described by Hai Gaon as אבגיתץ קרעשטן נגדיכש בטרצתג חקבטנע יגלפזק שקוצית. He wrote "Although the consonants of this name are well known, its proper vocalization is not rendered by tradition. Some pronounce its first part ''Abgitaẓ'', and others ''Abigtaẓ'', and the last part is sometimes read ''Shakvaẓit'', and sometimes ''Shekuẓit'', but there is no definite proof." This variation in pronunciation was understood by Joshua Trachtenberg to indicate that this version is quite ancient, the vowels in Hebrew being easily lost over time. It is, by some means, derived from the first 42 letters of the Hebrew [[Bible]]. Like the 22-letter name, it is found in ''[[Sefer Raziel HaMalakh]]''. | A 42-letter variant was described by Hai Gaon as אבגיתץ קרעשטן נגדיכש בטרצתג חקבטנע יגלפזק שקוצית. He wrote "Although the consonants of this name are well known, its proper vocalization is not rendered by tradition. Some pronounce its first part ''Abgitaẓ'', and others ''Abigtaẓ'', and the last part is sometimes read ''Shakvaẓit'', and sometimes ''Shekuẓit'', but there is no definite proof." This variation in pronunciation was understood by Joshua Trachtenberg to indicate that this version is quite ancient, the vowels in Hebrew being easily lost over time. It is, by some means, derived from the first 42 letters of the Hebrew [[Bible]]. Like the 22-letter name, it is found in ''[[Sefer Raziel HaMalakh]]''. | ||
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==Earliest textual variant== | ==Earliest textual variant== | ||
According to Valentina Izmirlieva, "The earliest extant text that documents a reconstruction of ''shem ha-mephorash'' on the basis of this passage (Exodus 14:19-21) is the classic Kabbalistic work ''[[ | According to Valentina Izmirlieva, "The earliest extant text that documents a reconstruction of ''shem ha-mephorash'' on the basis of this passage (Exodus 14:19-21) is the classic Kabbalistic work ''[[Sefer HaBahir]]'', first made known in manuscript form in Provence between 1150 and 1200. The complete reconstruction of the name is available in a number of sources in English; see, for example, the critical bilingual edition of Johannes Reuchlin's famous treatise ''[[De Arte Cabbalistica]]'' (1517). | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||