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The '''[[Pyramid Texts]]''' are the oldest ancient Egyptian funerary texts, dating to the late Old Kingdom. They are the earliest known corpus of ancient [[Egyptian religion|Egyptian religious]] texts. Written in Old Egyptian, the pyramid texts were carved onto the subterranean walls and sarcophagi of pyramids at Saqqara from the end of the Fifth Dynasty, and throughout the Sixth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom, and into the Eighth Dynasty of the First Intermediate Period.
A '''[[rune]]''' is a letter in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets native to the Germanic peoples. Runes were used to write Germanic languages (with some exceptions) before they adopted the Latin alphabet, and for specialised purposes thereafter. In addition to being a writing system, runes historically served purposes of [[ritual magic|magic]] and [[divination]] as a form of [[cleromancy]]. In the early 20th century, Germanic mysticism coined new forms of runic magic some of which were continued or developed further by contemporary adherents of Germanic [[paganism|Neopaganism]]. Modern systems of runic divination are based on Hermeticism, classical [[Occult]]ism, and the [[I Ching]].


The oldest of the texts have been dated to c. 2400–2300 BC.  Unlike the later Coffin Texts and Book of the Dead, the Pyramid Texts were not illustrated.


The use and occurrence of Pyramid Texts changed between the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms of Ancient Egypt. During the Old Kingdom (2686 BCE – 2181 BCE), Pyramid Texts could be found in the pyramids of kings as well as three queens, named Wedjebten, Neith, and Iput.
<p><small>Photo credit: Nick Fraser</small></p>
 
<p><small>Photographer: [[Travis McHenry]]</small></p>
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[[:Category:Images|'''(More Images)''']]
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