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[[File:Helene-Smith.jpg|350px|thumb|Psychic Hélène Smith conducting a seance]] | [[File:Helene-Smith.jpg|350px|thumb|Psychic Hélène Smith conducting a seance]] | ||
'''Hélène Smith''' (real name '''Catherine-Elise Müller''', December 9, 1861, Martigny – June 10, 1929, Geneva) was a famous late-19th century Swiss medium. She was known as "the Muse of Automatic Writing" by the Surrealists, who viewed Smith as evidence of the power of the surreal, and a symbol of surrealist knowledge. Late in life, Smith claimed to communicate with Martians, and to be a reincarnation of a [[Hindu]] princess and Marie Antoinette. | '''Hélène Smith''' (real name '''Catherine-Elise Müller''', December 9, 1861, Martigny – June 10, 1929, Geneva) was a famous late-19th century Swiss medium. She was known as "the Muse of Automatic Writing" by the Surrealists, who viewed Smith as evidence of the power of the surreal, and a symbol of surrealist knowledge. Late in life, Smith claimed to communicate with Martians, and to be a [[reincarnation]] of a [[Hindu]] princess and Marie Antoinette. | ||
==Early life== | ==Early life== | ||
The daughter of a Hungarian merchant, Smith worked as an employee in a commercial house. She discovered spiritualism in 1891 and joined a spiritualist "development" circle. According to her fellow believers, she began to show evidence of mediumistic abilities in 1892, and claimed to communicate with Victor Hugo and Cagliostro. | The daughter of a Hungarian merchant, Smith worked as an employee in a commercial house. She discovered [[spiritualism]] in 1891 and joined a spiritualist "development" circle. According to her fellow believers, she began to show evidence of mediumistic abilities in 1892, and claimed to communicate with Victor Hugo and Cagliostro. | ||
==Career as a medium== | ==Career as a medium== | ||