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===The Golden and Rosy Cross=== | ===The Golden and Rosy Cross=== | ||
The ''Gold und Rosenkreuzer'' (Golden and Rosy Cross) was founded by the [[alchemy|alchemist]] Samuel Richter who in 1710 published ''Die warhhaffte und vollkommene Bereitung des Philosophischen Steins der Brüderschaft aus dem Orden des Gülden-und Rosen-Creutzes'' (''The True and Complete Preparation of the Philosopher's | The ''Gold und Rosenkreuzer'' (Golden and Rosy Cross) was founded by the [[alchemy|alchemist]] Samuel Richter who in 1710 published ''Die warhhaffte und vollkommene Bereitung des Philosophischen Steins der Brüderschaft aus dem Orden des Gülden-und Rosen-Creutzes'' (''The True and Complete Preparation of the [[Philosopher's stone]] by the Brotherhood from the Order of the Golden and Rosy Cross'') in Breslau under the pseudonym Sincerus Renatus in Prague in the early 18th century as a hierarchical secret society composed of internal circles, recognition signs and alchemy treatises. | ||
Under the leadership of Hermann Fictuld the group reformed itself extensively in 1767 and again in 1777 because of political pressure. Its members claimed that the leaders of the Rosicrucian Order had invented Freemasonry and only they knew the secret meaning of Masonic symbols. They also began circulating claims that the Rosicrucian Order had been founded by an Egyptian named "Ormusse" who had emigrated to Scotland with the name "Builders from the East." In 1785 and 1788 the Golden and Rosy Cross group published the ''Geheime Figuren'' or ''The Secret Symbols of the 16th and 17th century Rosicrucians''. | Under the leadership of Hermann Fictuld the group reformed itself extensively in 1767 and again in 1777 because of political pressure. Its members claimed that the leaders of the Rosicrucian Order had invented Freemasonry and only they knew the secret meaning of Masonic symbols. They also began circulating claims that the Rosicrucian Order had been founded by an Egyptian named "Ormusse" who had emigrated to Scotland with the name "Builders from the East." In 1785 and 1788 the Golden and Rosy Cross group published the ''Geheime Figuren'' or ''The Secret Symbols of the 16th and 17th century Rosicrucians''. | ||