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Difference between revisions of "Recreational drug"
→Deities associated with drugs
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A '''recreational drug''' is a psychoactive drug used to induce an altered state of consciousness by modifying the perceptions, feelings, and emotions of the user. In popular practice, recreational drug use generally is a tolerated social | [[File:Dried Mushrooms.jpg|400px|thumb|Dried mushrooms containing psilocybin, a psycahdelic compound]] | ||
A '''recreational drug''' is a psychoactive drug used to induce an altered state of consciousness by modifying the perceptions, feelings, and emotions of the user. In popular practice, recreational drug use generally is a tolerated social behavior, rather than perceived as the medical condition of self-medication. However, heavy use of some drugs is socially stigmatized. | |||
In 2015, it was estimated that about 5% of people worldwide aged 15 to 65 (158 million to 351 million) had used controlled drugs at least once. | In 2015, it was estimated that about 5% of people worldwide aged 15 to 65 (158 million to 351 million) had used controlled drugs at least once. | ||
When used in religious practice, psychedelic drugs, as well as other substances like tobacco or | When used in religious practice, psychedelic drugs, as well as other substances like tobacco or cacao, are referred to as ''entheogens''. | ||
==Categories== | ==Categories== | ||
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* Nicotine - found in tobacco; | * Nicotine - found in tobacco; | ||
* Caffeine - found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, and prescription drugs; | * Caffeine - found in coffee, tea, soft drinks, and prescription drugs; | ||
* | * Cacao - found in chocolate. | ||
Which controlled substances are considered unlawful to possess varies by country, but usually includes: | Which controlled substances are considered unlawful to possess varies by country, but usually includes: | ||
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==Hallucinogens== | ==Hallucinogens== | ||
[[File:Peyote Cacti.jpg|400px|thumb|Peyote cacti cultivated for their psychoactive properties]] | |||
Hallucinogens can cause subjective changes in perception, thought, emotion and consciousness. Unlike other psychoactive drugs such as stimulants and opioids, hallucinogens do not merely amplify familiar states of mind but also induce experiences that differ from those of ordinary consciousness, often compared to non-ordinary forms of consciousness such as trance, [[meditation]], conversion experiences, and dreams. | Hallucinogens can cause subjective changes in perception, thought, emotion and consciousness. Unlike other psychoactive drugs such as stimulants and opioids, hallucinogens do not merely amplify familiar states of mind but also induce experiences that differ from those of ordinary consciousness, often compared to non-ordinary forms of consciousness such as trance, [[meditation]], conversion experiences, and dreams. | ||
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===African diaspora religions=== | ===African diaspora religions=== | ||
Many [[African diaspora religion]]s such as the [[Santa Muerte]] movement, the Cult of [[María Lionza]] in Venezuela, various forms of [[Voodoo]], and Santo Daime in Brazil utilize alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs in their rituals. These drugs help believers enter a trance state to commune with various deities. | [[File:Oxira 2.jpg|400px|thumb|Candomblé practitioner possessed by the ''orixá'' Ossain, guardian spirit over sacred drugs]] | ||
Many [[African diaspora religion]]s such as the [[Santa Muerte]] movement, the [[Cult]] of [[María Lionza]] in Venezuela, various forms of [[Voodoo]], and Santo Daime in Brazil utilize alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs in their rituals. These drugs help believers enter a trance state to commune with various deities. | |||
Many Rastafari believe cannabis, which they call "ganja," "the herb," or "Kaya," is a sacred gift of Jah. It may be used for spiritual purposes to commune with [[Yahweh|God]], but should not be used profanely. The use of other drugs, however, including alcohol, is frowned upon. | Many Rastafari believe cannabis, which they call "ganja," "the herb," or "Kaya," is a sacred gift of Jah. It may be used for spiritual purposes to commune with [[Yahweh|God]], but should not be used profanely. The use of other drugs, however, including alcohol, is frowned upon. | ||
In the Afro-Brazilian religion of [[Candomblé]], practitioners sometimes utilize jurema (''Mimosa tenuiflora'') to enter a hallucinogenic state to help them commune with spiritual entities. The ''orixá'' named Ossain serves as a guardian over these, and other, sacred plants. | |||
===Thelema=== | ===Thelema=== | ||
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Crowley's house on the island of Sicily, the [[Abbey of Thelema]], was a haven for unrestrained drug use. One visitor remarked that Crowley's five-year-old son was addicted to cocaine. | Crowley's house on the island of Sicily, the [[Abbey of Thelema]], was a haven for unrestrained drug use. One visitor remarked that Crowley's five-year-old son was addicted to cocaine. | ||
== | ==Deities associated with drugs== | ||
* [[Hecate]] | * [[Hecate]] - Greek goddess associated with drugs | ||
* Dionysus - Greek god of wine | * Dionysus - Greek god of wine | ||
* [[Nephthys]] - [[Egyptian religion|Egyptian]] goddess associated with wine | |||
* [[Zé Pilintra]] - patron saint of bars in [[Umbanda]] | |||
* Ossain - spirit guardian over sacred drugs in [[Candomblé]] | |||
* Ogun - god of rum and rum-making in [[Santería]] | |||
[[Category:Methods of Divination]] | [[Category:Methods of Divination]] | ||
[[Category:Entheogens]] | [[Category:Entheogens]] | ||