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[[File:Cut Diamonds.jpg|350px|thumb|Group of cut diamonds]] | [[File:Cut Diamonds.jpg|350px|thumb|Group of cut diamonds]] | ||
'''Diamond''' is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a crystal structure called diamond cubic. Diamond as a form of carbon is a tasteless, odourless, strong, brittle solid, colourless in pure form, a poor conductor of electricity, and insoluble in water. | '''Diamond''' is a solid form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a [[crystal]] structure called diamond cubic. Diamond as a form of carbon is a tasteless, odourless, strong, brittle solid, colourless in pure form, a poor conductor of electricity, and insoluble in water. | ||
Diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural material, properties that are used in major industrial applications such as cutting and polishing tools. | Diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of any natural material, properties that are used in major industrial applications such as cutting and polishing tools. | ||
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==Color== | ==Color== | ||
[[File:Hope Diamond.jpg|350px|thumb|The Hope Diamond, a blue diamond believed to be the subject of a curse.]] | [[File:Hope Diamond.jpg|350px|thumb|The Hope Diamond, a blue diamond believed to be the subject of a curse.]] | ||
Pure diamond should transmit visible light and appear as a clear colorless crystal. Colors in diamond originate from lattice defects and impurities. Nitrogen is by far the most common impurity found in gem diamonds and is responsible for the yellow and brown color in diamonds. Boron is responsible for the blue color. | Pure diamond should transmit visible light and appear as a clear colorless [[crystal]]. Colors in diamond originate from lattice defects and impurities. Nitrogen is by far the most common impurity found in gem diamonds and is responsible for the yellow and brown color in diamonds. Boron is responsible for the blue color. | ||
In order of increasing rarity, yellow diamond is followed by brown, colorless, then by blue, green, black, pink, orange, purple, and red. "Black", or carbonado, diamonds are not truly black, but rather contain numerous dark inclusions that give the gems their dark appearance. | In order of increasing rarity, yellow diamond is followed by brown, colorless, then by blue, green, black, pink, orange, purple, and red. "Black", or carbonado, diamonds are not truly black, but rather contain numerous dark inclusions that give the gems their dark appearance. | ||
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==Occult properties== | ==Occult properties== | ||
Although [[quartz]] | Although [[quartz]] [[crystal]]s are the most common clear gemstone used in [[ritual magic]], diamonds also have esoteric properties. | ||
According to [[Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa]], diamonds fall under the rulership of the planet [[Mars]], and also very strongly under the star Agol. Because of its connection to Mars, and thus the element of iron, the presence of diamonds will negate the properties of lodestone and the two minerals should not be placed near each other during magical workings. ''[[Three Books of Occult Philosophy]]'' states that diamonds may be used to bind or otherwise contain [[demon]]s, [[angel]]s, and other spirits related to the planet Mars. | According to [[Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa]], diamonds fall under the rulership of the planet [[Mars]], and also very strongly under the star Agol. Because of its connection to Mars, and thus the element of iron, the presence of diamonds will negate the properties of lodestone and the two minerals should not be placed near each other during magical workings. ''[[Three Books of Occult Philosophy]]'' states that diamonds may be used to bind or otherwise contain [[demon]]s, [[angel]]s, and other spirits related to the planet Mars. | ||