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Difference between revisions of "Ishtar"
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Inanna has become an important figure in modern feminist theory because she appears in the male-dominated Sumerian pantheon, but is equally as powerful, if not more powerful than, the male deities she appears alongside. In this context, she is sometimes conflated with [[Lilith]]. | Inanna has become an important figure in modern feminist theory because she appears in the male-dominated Sumerian pantheon, but is equally as powerful, if not more powerful than, the male deities she appears alongside. In this context, she is sometimes conflated with [[Lilith]]. | ||
Inanna is the primary ancient source for [[Aleister Crowley]]'s ''Babalon'', a principal goddess in the religion [[Thelema]]. Inanna's name is also used to refer to the Goddess in modern Neopaganism and [[Wicca]]. Her name occurs in the refrain of the "Burning Times Chant," one of the most widely used Wiccan liturgies. Inanna's ''Descent into the Underworld'' was the inspiration for the "Descent of the Goddess," one of the most popular texts of [[Gardnerian Wicca]]. | Inanna is the primary ancient source for [[Aleister Crowley]]'s ''[[Babalon]]'', a principal goddess in the religion [[Thelema]], and the target of his ritual [[Babalon Working]]. Inanna's name is also used to refer to the Goddess in modern Neopaganism and [[Wicca]]. Her name occurs in the refrain of the "Burning Times Chant," one of the most widely used Wiccan liturgies. Inanna's ''Descent into the Underworld'' was the inspiration for the "Descent of the Goddess," one of the most popular texts of [[Gardnerian Wicca]]. | ||
Paul Thomas, a scholar of new religious movements, has criticized the modern portrayal of Inanna, accusing it of anachronistically imposing modern gender conventions on the ancient Sumerian story, portraying Inanna as a wife and mother, two roles the ancient Sumerians never ascribed to her, while ignoring the more masculine elements of Inanna's cult, particularly her associations with warfare and violence. Gary Beckman, a researcher of religions of ancient Near East, calls neopagan authors "not revivalists, but inventors," and notes that they often "incorrectly view all historically attested female divinities as full or partial manifestations of a single figure," and highlights that while Ishtar did overshadow many other deities, she was never a "single Goddess." | Paul Thomas, a scholar of new religious movements, has criticized the modern portrayal of Inanna, accusing it of anachronistically imposing modern gender conventions on the ancient Sumerian story, portraying Inanna as a wife and mother, two roles the ancient Sumerians never ascribed to her, while ignoring the more masculine elements of Inanna's cult, particularly her associations with warfare and violence. Gary Beckman, a researcher of religions of ancient Near East, calls neopagan authors "not revivalists, but inventors," and notes that they often "incorrectly view all historically attested female divinities as full or partial manifestations of a single figure," and highlights that while Ishtar did overshadow many other deities, she was never a "single Goddess." | ||