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===Jainism=== | ===Jainism=== | ||
[[File:Mahavira Enlightened.jpg|400px|thumb|The Mahavira in a squatting pose at the moment of enlightenment.]] | [[File:Mahavira Enlightened.jpg|400px|thumb|The Mahavira in a squatting pose at the moment of enlightenment.]] | ||
Yoga has always been a central practice in [[Jainism]]. Jain spirituality is based on a strict code of nonviolence, or ahimsa (which includes vegetarianism), almsgiving (''dāna''), faith in the three jewels, austerities (''tapas'') such as fasting, and yoga. The Mahavira, who founded the Jain faith as it has been practiced for the past 2,000 years, achieved enlightenment while meditating in a squatting yogic pose. | Yoga has always been a central practice in [[Jainism]]. Jain spirituality is based on a strict code of nonviolence, or ahimsa (which includes vegetarianism), almsgiving (''dāna''), faith in the three jewels, austerities (''tapas'') such as fasting, and yoga. The Mahavira, who founded the Jain faith as it has been practiced for the past 2,000 years, achieved [[enlightenment]] while meditating in a squatting yogic pose. | ||
Jain yoga aims at the liberation and purification of the self from the forces of karma, which binds the self to the cycle of reincarnation. Like yoga and Sankhya, Jainism believes in a number of individual selves bound by their individual karma. Only through the reduction of karmic influences and the exhaustion of collected karma can one become purified and released. | Jain yoga aims at the liberation and purification of the self from the forces of karma, which binds the self to the cycle of [[reincarnation]]. Like yoga and Sankhya, Jainism believes in a number of individual selves bound by their individual karma. Only through the reduction of karmic influences and the exhaustion of collected karma can one become purified and released. | ||
Early Jain yoga seems to have been divided into several types, including [[meditation]] | Early Jain yoga seems to have been divided into several types, including: | ||
* [[meditation]] | |||
* abandonment of the body (''kāyotsarga'') | |||
* contemplation | |||
* reflection (''bhāvanā'') | |||
===Buddhism=== | ===Buddhism=== | ||
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Some [[Christianity|Christians]] integrate physical aspects of yoga, stripped from the spiritual roots of Hinduism, and other aspects of Eastern spirituality with prayer, meditation and Jesus-centric affirmations. The practice also includes renaming poses in English (rather than using the original Sanskrit terms), and abandoning involved Hindu mantras as well as the philosophy of Yoga; Yoga is associated and reframed into Christianity. | Some [[Christianity|Christians]] integrate physical aspects of yoga, stripped from the spiritual roots of Hinduism, and other aspects of Eastern spirituality with prayer, meditation and Jesus-centric affirmations. The practice also includes renaming poses in English (rather than using the original Sanskrit terms), and abandoning involved Hindu mantras as well as the philosophy of Yoga; Yoga is associated and reframed into Christianity. | ||
In 1989 and 2003, the Vatican issued two documents: ''Aspects of Christian meditation'' and "A Christian reflection on the New Age," that were mostly critical of eastern and [[New Age]] practices. The 2003 document was published as a 90-page handbook detailing the Vatican's position. The Vatican warned that concentration on the physical aspects of [[meditation]] "can degenerate into a cult of the body" and that equating bodily states with mysticism "could also lead to psychic disturbance and, at times, to moral deviations." | In 1989 and 2003, the Vatican issued two documents: ''Aspects of Christian meditation'' and "A Christian reflection on the New Age," that were mostly critical of eastern and [[New Age]] practices. The 2003 document was published as a 90-page handbook detailing the Vatican's position. The Vatican warned that concentration on the physical aspects of [[meditation]] "can degenerate into a [[cult]] of the body" and that equating bodily states with mysticism "could also lead to psychic disturbance and, at times, to moral deviations." | ||
===Islam=== | ===Islam=== | ||
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[[Category:Religious Concepts]] | [[Category:Religious Concepts]] | ||
[[Category:Eastern Religions]] | |||