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The '''Book of Tobit''', also known as the '''Book of Tobias''' or the '''Book of Tobi''', is a 3rd or early 2nd century BC [[Judaism|Jewish]] work describing how [[Yahweh|God]] tests the faithful, responds to prayers, and protects the covenant community (i.e., the Israelites). | The '''Book of Tobit''', also known as the '''Book of Tobias''' or the '''Book of Tobi''', is a 3rd or early 2nd century BC [[Judaism|Jewish]] work describing how [[Yahweh|God]] tests the faithful, responds to prayers, and protects the covenant community (i.e., the Israelites). | ||
The book is included in the Catholic and Orthodox canons but not in the Jewish; the Protestant tradition places it in the Apocrypha, with Anabaptists, Lutherans, Anglicans and Methodists recognising it as useful for purposes of edification and liturgy, albeit non-canonical in status. The vast majority of scholars recognize it as a work of fiction with some historical references. | The book is included in the [[Christianity|Catholic and Orthodox]] canons but not in the Jewish; the Protestant tradition places it in the Apocrypha, with Anabaptists, Lutherans, Anglicans and Methodists recognising it as useful for purposes of edification and liturgy, albeit non-canonical in status. The vast majority of scholars recognize it as a work of fiction with some historical references. | ||
==Summary== | ==Summary== | ||
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==Canonical status== | ==Canonical status== | ||
Those Jewish books found in the Septuagint but not in the standard Masoretic canon of the Jewish [[Bible]] are called the deuterocanon, meaning "second canon." Catholic and Orthodox [[Christianity]] include it in the Biblical canon. As Protestants follow the Masoretic canon, they therefore do not include Tobit in their standard canon, but do recognise it in the category of deuterocanonical books called the apocrypha. | Those Jewish books found in the Septuagint but not in the standard Masoretic canon of the Jewish [[Bible]] are called the deuterocanon, meaning "second canon." Catholic and Orthodox [[Christianity]] include it in the Biblical canon. As Protestants follow the Masoretic canon, they therefore do not include Tobit in their standard canon, but do recognise it in the category of deuterocanonical books called the "apocrypha." | ||
The Book of Tobit | The Book of Tobit was listed as a canonical book by numerous councils, including: | ||
* the Council of Rome (AD 382) | |||
* the Council of Hippo (AD 393) | |||
* the Council of Carthage (397) and (AD 419) | |||
* the Council of Florence (1442) | |||
* the Council of Trent (1546) | |||
It is part of the canon of both the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches. Catholics refer to it as "deuterocanonical." | |||
Augustine (c. AD 397) and Pope Innocent I (AD 405) affirmed Tobit as part of the Old Testament Canon. Athanasius (AD 367) mentioned that certain other books, including the book of Tobit, while not being part of the Canon, "were appointed by the Fathers to be read." | Augustine (c. AD 397) and Pope Innocent I (AD 405) affirmed Tobit as part of the Old Testament Canon. Athanasius (AD 367) mentioned that certain other books, including the book of Tobit, while not being part of the Canon, "were appointed by the Fathers to be read." | ||