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Difference between revisions of "Black Mass"
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==Connection with witchcraft== | ==Connection with witchcraft== | ||
[[File:La Voisin Black Mass.jpg|400px|thumb|The Guibourg Mass by Henry de Malvost, from the book ''Le Satanisme et la magie'' by Jules Bois]] | [[File:La Voisin Black Mass.jpg|400px|thumb|The Guibourg Mass by Henry de Malvost, from the book ''Le Satanisme et la magie'' by Jules Bois]] | ||
A further source of late Medieval and Early Modern involvement with parodies and alterations of the Mass, were the writings of the European [[witch-hunt]], which saw [[witch]]es as being agents of [[the Devil]], who were described as inverting the Christian Mass and employing the stolen Host for diabolical ends. Witch-hunter's manuals such as the ''[[Malleus Maleficarum]]'' (1487) and the ''Compendium Maleficarum'' (1608) allude to these practices, although they bore little basis in reality. The first complete depiction of a blasphemy of the Mass in connection with the witches' [[sabbath]], was given in Florimond de Raemond's 1597 French work, ''The Antichrist'' (written as a Catholic response to the Protestant claim that the Pope was the Antichrist). | A further source of late Medieval and Early Modern involvement with parodies and alterations of the Mass, were the writings of the European [[witch-hunt]], which saw [[witch]]es as being agents of [[the Devil]], who were described as inverting the Christian Mass and employing the stolen Host for diabolical ends. Witch-hunter's manuals such as the ''[[Malleus Maleficarum]]'' (1487) and the ''Compendium Maleficarum'' (1608) allude to these practices, although they bore little basis in reality. The first complete depiction of a blasphemy of the Mass in connection with the witches' [[sabbat|sabbath]], was given in Florimond de Raemond's 1597 French work, ''The Antichrist'' (written as a Catholic response to the Protestant claim that the Pope was the [[Antichrist]]). | ||
The most sophisticated and detailed descriptions of the Black Mass to have been produced in early modern Europe are found in the Basque witch-hunts of 1609–1614. It has recently been argued by academics including Emma Wilby that the emphasis on the Black Mass in these trials evolved out of a particularly creative interaction between interrogators keen to find evidence of the rite and a Basque peasants who were deeply committed to a wide range of unorthodox religious practices such as "cursing" Masses, liturgical misrule and the widespread misuse of Catholic ritual elements in forbidden magical conjurations. | The most sophisticated and detailed descriptions of the Black Mass to have been produced in early modern Europe are found in the Basque witch-hunts of 1609–1614. It has recently been argued by academics including Emma Wilby that the emphasis on the Black Mass in these trials evolved out of a particularly creative interaction between interrogators keen to find evidence of the rite and a Basque peasants who were deeply committed to a wide range of unorthodox religious practices such as "cursing" Masses, liturgical misrule and the widespread misuse of Catholic ritual elements in forbidden magical conjurations. | ||
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==Modern Black Masses== | ==Modern Black Masses== | ||
[[File:LaVey Black Mass.jpg|450px|thumb|Anton LaVey performing a ritual Black Mass]] | [[File:LaVey Black Mass.jpg|450px|thumb|Anton LaVey performing a ritual Black Mass]] | ||
In spite of the huge amount of French literature discussing the Black Mass (Messe Noire) at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century, no set of written instructions for performing one, from any purported group of Satanists, turned up in writing until the 1960s. As can be seen from these first Black Masses and Satanic Masses appearing in the U.S., the creators drew heavily from occult novelists such as Dennis Wheatley and Joris-Karl Huysmans, and from non-fiction occult writers popular in the 1960s, such as Grillot de Givry, author of the popular illustrated book ''Witchcraft, Magic and Alchemy'', and H. T. F. Rhodes. | In spite of the huge amount of French literature discussing the Black Mass (''Messe Noire'') at the end of the 19th century and early 20th century, no set of written instructions for performing one, from any purported group of Satanists, turned up in writing until the 1960s. As can be seen from these first Black Masses and Satanic Masses appearing in the U.S., the creators drew heavily from [[occult]] novelists such as Dennis Wheatley and Joris-Karl Huysmans, and from non-fiction occult writers popular in the 1960s, such as Grillot de Givry, author of the popular illustrated book ''Witchcraft, Magic and Alchemy'', and H. T. F. Rhodes. | ||
Herbert Sloane, the founder of an early Satanist group, the Ophite Cultus Satanas, speaks of Satanists performing the ritual of the "Satanic Mass" in a letter he wrote in 1968 (see the article on his group), and in 1968 and 1969 also appeared the first two recordings of Satanic rituals, both entitled the "Satanic Mass." Soon after the band Coven released a Satanic Mass recording, the [[Church of Satan]] began creating their own Black Masses, two of which are available to the public. | Herbert Sloane, the founder of an early Satanist group, the Ophite Cultus Satanas, speaks of Satanists performing the ritual of the "Satanic Mass" in a letter he wrote in 1968 (see the article on his group), and in 1968 and 1969 also appeared the first two recordings of Satanic rituals, both entitled the "Satanic Mass." Soon after the band Coven released a Satanic Mass recording, the [[Church of Satan]] began creating their own Black Masses, two of which are available to the public. | ||
A writer using the pseudonym "Aubrey Melech" published, in 1986, a Black Mass entirely in Latin, entitled "Missa Niger" | A writer using the pseudonym "Aubrey Melech" published, in 1986, a Black Mass entirely in Latin, entitled "Missa Niger." (This Black Mass is available on the Internet). Aubrey Melech's Black Mass contains almost exactly the same original Latin phrases as the Black Mass published by [[Anton LaVey]] in ''The Satanic Rituals''. LaVey and Melech did not give their sources for the Latin material in their Black Mass, merely implying that they received it from someone else. | ||
==Language of the black mass== | ==Language of the black mass== | ||
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[[Category:Occultism]] | [[Category:Occultism]] | ||
[[Category:Featured Articles]] | [[Category:Featured Articles]] | ||
[[Category:Rituals]] | |||