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[[File:Urim and Thummim.png|250px|left]]
[[File:Oriens Clavis Inferni.jpg|200px|left]]
The '''[[Urim and Thummim]]''' are elements of the hoshen, the breastplate worn by the High Priest attached to the ephod. They are connected with [[cleromancy]] ([[divination]] by casting lots). Most scholars suspect that the phrase refers to a set of two objects used by the high priest to answer a question or reveal the will of [[Yahweh|God]].
'''[[Oriens]]''' is a [[demon]] mentioned in many [[grimoire]]s dealing with [[ritual magic]]. He is most frequently named alongside [[Paimon]], [[Egyn]], and [[Amaymon]] as kings of the cardinal directions. He is the king of the east. He appears with a fair and feminine countenance wearing a crown upon his head. He rides upon an elephant with a large number of musical instruments. Sometimes, he appears in the shape of a horse (with multiple heads, variously stated as 100 or five), but once he has been constrained by an invocation, he will take a human shape.


The Urim and the Thummim first appear in the [[Bible|Biblical]] verse Exodus 28:30, where they are named for inclusion on the breastplate to be worn by Aaron in the holy place. Other books, especially 1 Samuel, describe their uses. The chronologically earliest passage in the [[Bible]] mentioning the Urim and Thummim, according to textual scholars, is in the Book of Hosea, where it is implied, by reference to the Ephod, that the Urim and Thummim were fundamental elements in [[Judaism]], in the mid 8th century BC.
Many abilities are attributed to Oriens such as giving the [[magician]] wealth in the form of silver and gold, answering questions about the past, present, and future, giving [[divination|divinatory]] visions, the power to fly, providing [[familiar]]s. He also has powers of [[necromancy]] and is able to revive the dead.


Consulting the Urim and Thummim was permitted for determining territorial boundaries, and was required, in addition to permission from the king or a prophet, if there was an intention to expand Jerusalem or the Temple in Jerusalem. The classical rabbinical writers argued that the Urim and Thummim were only permitted to be consulted by very prominent figures such as army generals, the most senior of court figures, and kings.
'''([[Oriens|Full Article...]])'''
 
'''([[Urim and Thummim|Full Article...]])'''

Latest revision as of 19:54, 8 September 2025

Oriens Clavis Inferni.jpg

Oriens is a demon mentioned in many grimoires dealing with ritual magic. He is most frequently named alongside Paimon, Egyn, and Amaymon as kings of the cardinal directions. He is the king of the east. He appears with a fair and feminine countenance wearing a crown upon his head. He rides upon an elephant with a large number of musical instruments. Sometimes, he appears in the shape of a horse (with multiple heads, variously stated as 100 or five), but once he has been constrained by an invocation, he will take a human shape.

Many abilities are attributed to Oriens such as giving the magician wealth in the form of silver and gold, answering questions about the past, present, and future, giving divinatory visions, the power to fly, providing familiars. He also has powers of necromancy and is able to revive the dead.

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