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==Heaven in Christianity== | ==Heaven in Christianity== | ||
[[File:Fallen-Angels.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Fallen angel]]s being cast out of heaven as depicted in ''Paradise Lost | [[File:Fallen-Angels.jpg|400px|thumb|[[Fallen angel]]s being cast out of heaven as depicted in ''Paradise Lost'']] | ||
Descriptions of Heaven in the New Testament are more fully developed than those in the Old Testament, but are still generally vague. As in the Old Testament, in the New Testament God is described as the ruler of Heaven and Earth, but his power over the Earth is challenged by [[Satan]]. | Descriptions of Heaven in the New Testament are more fully developed than those in the Old Testament, but are still generally vague. As in the Old Testament, in the New Testament God is described as the ruler of Heaven and Earth, but his power over the Earth is challenged by [[Satan]]. | ||
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==Heaven in Judaism== | ==Heaven in Judaism== | ||
[[File:Bosch-Heaven.jpg|400px|thumb|Heaven as depicted by [[Hieronymus Bosch]]]] | |||
While the concept of Heaven (''malkuth hashamaim'' מלכות השמים, the Kingdom of Heaven) is much discussed in Christian thought, the [[Judaism|Jewish]] concept of the afterlife, sometimes known as ''olam haba'', the World-to-come, is not discussed as often. The Torah has little to say on the subject of survival after death, but by the time of the rabbis two ideas had made inroads among the Jews: one, which is probably derived from Greek thought, is that of the immortal soul which returns to its creator after death; the other, which is thought to be of Persian origin, is that of resurrection of the dead. | While the concept of Heaven (''malkuth hashamaim'' מלכות השמים, the Kingdom of Heaven) is much discussed in Christian thought, the [[Judaism|Jewish]] concept of the afterlife, sometimes known as ''olam haba'', the World-to-come, is not discussed as often. The Torah has little to say on the subject of survival after death, but by the time of the rabbis two ideas had made inroads among the Jews: one, which is probably derived from Greek thought, is that of the immortal soul which returns to its creator after death; the other, which is thought to be of Persian origin, is that of resurrection of the dead. | ||
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==View of neuroscience== | ==View of neuroscience== | ||
[[File:Cosmic MeteorologyChart1.jpg| | [[File:Cosmic MeteorologyChart1.jpg|350px|thumb|Diagram depicting the relationship between energies of Heaven (at top) and Earth (at bottom) from ''[[Meteorologica Cosmica]]'']] | ||
Many neuroscientists and neurophilosophers, such as Daniel Dennett, believe that consciousness is dependent upon the functioning of the brain and death is a cessation of consciousness, which would rule out heaven. Scientific research has discovered that some areas of the brain, like the reticular activating system or the thalamus, appear to be necessary for consciousness, because dysfunction of or damage to these structures causes a loss of consciousness. | Many neuroscientists and neurophilosophers, such as Daniel Dennett, believe that consciousness is dependent upon the functioning of the brain and death is a cessation of consciousness, which would rule out heaven. Scientific research has discovered that some areas of the brain, like the reticular activating system or the thalamus, appear to be necessary for consciousness, because dysfunction of or damage to these structures causes a loss of consciousness. | ||
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==Representation in fiction== | ==Representation in fiction== | ||
Works of literary fiction have included numerous conceptions of Heaven. | Works of literary fiction have included numerous conceptions of Heaven. | ||
Perhaps the two most famous descriptions of Heaven are given in [[Dante Alighieri]]'s ''Paradiso'' (of the ''Divine Comedy'') and John Milton's ''Paradise Lost''. | |||
[[Category:Religious Concepts]] | [[Category:Religious Concepts]] | ||