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[[File:Rose Cross.png|350px|thumb|Rosy Cross as used by Rosicrucianism]] | |||
The '''Rosicrucians''' are a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts announcing to the world a new esoteric order. Rosicrucianism is symbolized by the Rosy Cross or Rose Cross. | The '''Rosicrucians''' are a spiritual and cultural movement that arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts announcing to the world a new esoteric order. Rosicrucianism is symbolized by the Rosy Cross or Rose Cross. | ||
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==Origin== | ==Origin== | ||
According to the writings of the Masonic historian E.J. Marconis de Negre, the Rosicrucian Order was created in the year 46 when an Alexandrian [[Gnosticism|Gnostic]] sage named Ormus and his six followers were converted by one of [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]]' disciples, Mark. Their symbol was said to be a red cross surmounted by a rose, thus the designation of Rosy Cross. From this conversion, Rosicrucianism was born, by purifying [[Egyptian religion|Egyptian mysteries]] with the new higher teachings of early [[Christianity]]. However, there is no evidence | According to the writings of the Masonic historian E.J. Marconis de Negre, the Rosicrucian Order was created in the year 46 when an Alexandrian [[Gnosticism|Gnostic]] sage named Ormus and his six followers were converted by one of [[Jesus Christ|Jesus]]' disciples, Mark. Their symbol was said to be a red cross surmounted by a rose, thus the designation of Rosy Cross. From this conversion, Rosicrucianism was born, by purifying [[Egyptian religion|Egyptian mysteries]] with the new higher teachings of early [[Christianity]]. However, there is no evidence to support this. | ||
===Convent of Christ in Tomar=== | ===Convent of Christ in Tomar=== | ||
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===Manifestos=== | ===Manifestos=== | ||
[[File:Rosicrucian Concept of the Tree of Pansophia.jpg|350px|thumb|A 17th century depiction of the Rosicrucian concept of the Tree of Pansophia]] | |||
Between 1614 and 1617, three anonymous manifestos were published, first in Germany and soon after throughout Europe: | Between 1614 and 1617, three anonymous manifestos were published, first in Germany and soon after throughout Europe: | ||
* ''Fama Fraternitatis RC'' (''The Fame of the Brotherhood of RC'', 1614) | * ''Fama Fraternitatis RC'' (''The Fame of the Brotherhood of RC'', 1614) | ||
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The three manifestos were, and continue to be, not taken literally by many but rather regarded either as hoaxes or as allegorical statements. They state: "We speak unto you by parables, but would willingly bring you to the right, simple, easy, and ingenuous exposition, understanding, declaration, and knowledge of all secrets." | The three manifestos were, and continue to be, not taken literally by many but rather regarded either as hoaxes or as allegorical statements. They state: "We speak unto you by parables, but would willingly bring you to the right, simple, easy, and ingenuous exposition, understanding, declaration, and knowledge of all secrets." | ||
The first Rosicrucian manifesto was influenced by the work of the respected [[ | The first Rosicrucian manifesto was influenced by the work of the respected [[Hermes Trismegistus|hermetic]] philosopher Heinrich Khunrath, of Hamburg, author of the Amphitheatrum ''Sapientiae Aeternae'' (1609), who was in turn influenced by [[John Dee]], author of the ''Monas Hieroglyphica'' (1564). The writer also claimed the brotherhood possessed a book that resembled the works of [[Paracelsus]]. | ||
==The "Rosicrucian Furor"== | ==The "Rosicrucian Furor"== | ||
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===The Golden and Rosy Cross=== | ===The Golden and Rosy Cross=== | ||
The ''Gold und Rosenkreuzer'' (Golden and Rosy Cross) was founded by the [[alchemy|alchemist]] Samuel Richter who in 1710 published ''Die warhhaffte und vollkommene Bereitung des Philosophischen Steins der Brüderschaft aus dem Orden des Gülden-und Rosen-Creutzes'' (''The True and Complete Preparation of the Philosopher's | The ''Gold und Rosenkreuzer'' (Golden and Rosy Cross) was founded by the [[alchemy|alchemist]] Samuel Richter who in 1710 published ''Die warhhaffte und vollkommene Bereitung des Philosophischen Steins der Brüderschaft aus dem Orden des Gülden-und Rosen-Creutzes'' (''The True and Complete Preparation of the [[Philosopher's stone]] by the Brotherhood from the Order of the Golden and Rosy Cross'') in Breslau under the pseudonym Sincerus Renatus in Prague in the early 18th century as a hierarchical secret society composed of internal circles, recognition signs and alchemy treatises. | ||
Under the leadership of Hermann Fictuld the group reformed itself extensively in 1767 and again in 1777 because of political pressure. Its members claimed that the leaders of the Rosicrucian Order had invented Freemasonry and only they knew the secret meaning of Masonic symbols. They also began circulating claims that the Rosicrucian Order had been founded by an Egyptian named "Ormusse" who had emigrated to Scotland with the name "Builders from the East." In 1785 and 1788 the Golden and Rosy Cross group published the ''Geheime Figuren'' or ''The Secret Symbols of the 16th and 17th century Rosicrucians''. | Under the leadership of Hermann Fictuld the group reformed itself extensively in 1767 and again in 1777 because of political pressure. Its members claimed that the leaders of the Rosicrucian Order had invented Freemasonry and only they knew the secret meaning of Masonic symbols. They also began circulating claims that the Rosicrucian Order had been founded by an Egyptian named "Ormusse" who had emigrated to Scotland with the name "Builders from the East." In 1785 and 1788 the Golden and Rosy Cross group published the ''Geheime Figuren'' or ''The Secret Symbols of the 16th and 17th century Rosicrucians''. | ||
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==Modern era== | ==Modern era== | ||
[[File:Rosicrucian Russian Image.png|400px|thumb|Watercolour painting from the Russian Rosicrucian Order, AMORC (1933)]] | |||
During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, various groups styled themselves Rosicrucian. The diverse groups who link themselves to a "Rosicrucian Tradition" can be divided into three categories: | During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, various groups styled themselves Rosicrucian. The diverse groups who link themselves to a "Rosicrucian Tradition" can be divided into three categories: | ||
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* [https://www.rosicruciansociety.com/ The Rosicrucian Society] | * [https://www.rosicruciansociety.com/ The Rosicrucian Society] | ||
* [http://www.rosicrucian-order.com/mensaje-imperator.html The Rosicrucian Order] | * [http://www.rosicrucian-order.com/mensaje-imperator.html The Rosicrucian Order] | ||
[[Category: Occult Organizations]] | |||