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Latest revision as of 17:46, 29 November 2025

The Urim and Thummim are elements of the hoshen, the breastplate worn by the High Priest attached to the ephod. They are connected with cleromancy (divination by casting lots). Most scholars suspect that the phrase refers to a set of two objects used by the high priest to answer a question or reveal the will of God.

The Urim and the Thummim first appear in the Biblical verse Exodus 28:30, where they are named for inclusion on the breastplate to be worn by Aaron in the holy place. Other books, especially 1 Samuel, describe their uses. The chronologically earliest passage in the Bible mentioning the Urim and Thummim, according to textual scholars, is in the Book of Hosea, where it is implied, by reference to the Ephod, that the Urim and Thummim were fundamental elements in Judaism, in the mid 8th century BC.

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-[[File:King-Solomon.jpg|250px|left]]
+[[File:Urim and Thummim.png|200px|left]]
-'''[[King Solomon]]''' was, according to the Hebrew [[Bible]] or Old Testament, a fabulously wealthy and wise king of the United Kingdom of Israel who succeeded his father, David. The conventional dates of Solomon's reign are about 970–931 BCE, normally given in alignment with the dates of David's reign.
+The '''[[Urim and Thummim]]''' are elements of the hoshen, the breastplate worn by the High Priest attached to the ephod. They are connected with [[cleromancy]] ([[divination]] by casting lots). Most scholars suspect that the phrase refers to a set of two objects used by the high priest to answer a question or reveal the will of [[Yahweh|God]].
-According to the Talmud, Solomon is one of the 48 Jewish prophets. In the Quran, he is considered to be a major [[Islam]]ic [[prophet]], and Muslims generally refer to him as ''Sulaiman ibn Dawud''. The Hebrew Bible identifies Solomon as the builder of the First Temple in Jerusalem, beginning in the fourth year of his reign using the vast wealth he and his father had accumulated; he dedicated the temple to [[Yahweh]], the God of Israel. Solomon is portrayed as great in wisdom, wealth and power beyond either of the previous kings of the country.
+The Urim and the Thummim first appear in the [[Bible|Biblical]] verse Exodus 28:30, where they are named for inclusion on the breastplate to be worn by Aaron in the holy place. Other books, especially 1 Samuel, describe their uses. The chronologically earliest passage in the [[Bible]] mentioning the Urim and Thummim, according to textual scholars, is in the Book of Hosea, where it is implied, by reference to the Ephod, that the Urim and Thummim were fundamental elements in [[Judaism]], in the mid 8th century BC.
-He is the subject of many other later references and legends, most notably in the 1st-century apocryphal work known as the ''[[Testament of Solomon]]''. In the New Testament, he is portrayed as a teacher of wisdom excelled by [[Jesus Christ]], and as arrayed in glory, but excelled by "the lilies of the field." In later years, in mostly non-biblical circles, Solomon also came to be known as a [[magician]] and an [[exorcist]], with numerous amulets and medallion [[sigil|seals]] dating from the Hellenistic period invoking his name.
+'''([[Urim and Thummim|Full Article...]])'''
-'''([[King Solomon|Full Article...]])'''